Al-Insan closes by affirming that whoever wills may take a path to God, 'but you do not will except that God wills' (76:29-30), a compact formulation later Islamic theology treated as one of its central proof texts in the historical dispute over free will and divine decree between the Qadariyya, who emphasised human free will, and those, sometimes labelled Jabriyya by their critics, who emphasised divine determination, with the majority Sunni theological schools that eventually prevailed generally reading the verse as holding both human choice and divine sovereignty together rather than allowing either clause to cancel the other.
Classical theologians read the verse's two-part structure carefully, human willing genuinely affirmed in its first half, then placed within, rather than replaced by, divine willing in its second, as characteristic of how mainstream Sunni theology sought a middle position between full human autonomy and total determinism, a balance debated at length in the classical works of kalam and never resolved into a single formula every school accepted, remaining a live point of theological discussion rather than a question this verse alone settles. The dispute is sometimes summarised in later textbooks as a question of emphasis rather than outright contradiction, since both camps drew on genuine Quranic material for their respective positions.