This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.
The Punjab government's own Court of Inquiry documented eleven people killed and forty nine wounded by the army restoring order in Lahore, two killed by police on the night of 4 March and ten more killed by police on 5 March before martial law was declared, an officially compiled total of roughly twenty three. This atlas records that figure as the documented count. Later popular and journalistic accounts of the riots, including surveys of the Ahmadi persecution more broadly, commonly cite a much higher figure approaching two thousand deaths, but every version of that figure traced here attributes it only to an unspecified consensus of most historians, with no named study, archival reconstruction or methodology behind it, so this atlas records the overall toll as unknown rather than adopt an unsourced total.
The riots were organized explicitly as a religious campaign, demanding that the Pakistani state define Ahmadis as non-Muslim by law on the basis of Ahmadi teaching about the finality of Muhammad's prophethood. The Munir Report itself, Pakistan's own official investigation, found that the ulema witnesses it heard could not agree among themselves on a single definition of who counts as a Muslim, and treated that disagreement as central to the episode: the very question the agitation demanded the state answer by force, the country's own religious authorities could not answer by consensus.