Practitioners of mediumship and psychic work describe their information as arriving by distinct routes, and the vocabulary for those routes is a set of French-derived compounds built on clair, clear.
Clairvoyance is clear seeing: images, scenes or symbols perceived without the eyes, and almost always described as appearing in the mind rather than in the room. Clairaudience is clear hearing, ranging from an inward voice or a phrase that arrives unbidden to what is reported as external sound. Clairsentience is clear feeling, the broadest of the three, taking in bodily sensation, emotional impression and the sense of a presence; a medium who reports a tightness in the chest and offers it as the manner of someone's death is working clairsentiently. Less common terms extend the pattern, claircognisance for knowing without any route to the knowledge, and clairalience and clairgustance for smell and taste, which are usually invoked over a deceased person's tobacco or perfume.
Two distinctions are worth holding on to.
The first is between psychic and medium, and practitioners themselves draw it firmly. A psychic is described as reading the living, a person, a situation, a decision, a future, while a medium is specifically claimed to communicate with the dead. Most mediums say they are also psychic; almost none say the reverse follows.
The second is that all of these words describe how information is said to arrive, not what is being claimed about where it comes from. A practitioner reporting clairaudience is reporting the form of an experience. Whether the voice originates outside the practitioner is a separate question, and it is one on which practitioners are not uniform: some describe an external communicator quite literally, others speak of an inner faculty and are content to leave the metaphysics open. The vocabulary accommodates both, which is part of why it has spread so easily.
The words themselves are recent. Clairvoyance enters English from French in the early nineteenth century in the context of mesmerism, before Spiritualism existed to use it. The full set, with its subdivisions and its accompanying advice on identifying which sense is one's strongest, is a twentieth and twenty-first century elaboration, standardised largely through the popular literature and the paid teaching courses that go with it.