Keeping Still, Line 4

The fourth line of Keeping Still (King Wen 52) is drawn as yin, the numeral six in the old divination manuals. James Legge's translation renders the line as keeping the trunk of the body still, no error. The image sits inside a hexagram whose judgment as a whole concerns resting like the back, so one loses all consciousness of self, walking in one's own courtyard and not seeing the persons in it, no error, and this line supplies one stage of that larger reading rather than a complete statement on its own.

Structurally the line stands at the lowest place of the upper trigram Gen, mountain in Legge's readings of the eight trigrams, while the lower trigram of the hexagram is Gen, mountain in the same traditional set of images. The Great Symbolism of the hexagram reads mountains standing one over another; the superior man does not let his thoughts go beyond his own position, and the fourth line takes its place inside that combined picture of Gen below and Gen above.

Read on its own the line neither opens nor closes the hexagram's argument. It marks the point where Gen is either forming (in the lower trigram) or completing itself (in the upper), and later interpreters treat its image, Keeping the Trunk of the Body Still, as the concrete case through which the hexagram's abstract judgment becomes visible in a single situation rather than a general principle.

As a divinatory line, six at the fourth place of Keeping Still reads within the hexagram's overall concern with resting like the back, so one loses all consciousness of self, walking in one's own courtyard and not seeing the persons in it, no error. The line occupies a place proper to its own nature in the classical doctrine that odd places favour a firm, yang line and even places favour a yielding, yin line. Its own text, that keeping the trunk of the body still, no error, is the particular fortune assigned to this one stage of the situation, not to the hexagram as a whole.

The fourth line corresponds by classical convention with the first line, and the two do not correspond here, since both lines share the same character. Read together with the trigram it belongs to, Gen in the upper position of the figure, the line marks the first word of the upper trigram, close enough to the ruling fifth line to be shaped by it, one stage in the six stage movement the hexagram traces from its first line to its last.

A change at this line, from yin to its opposite, is the mechanism the tradition uses to move from one hexagram to another. Flipping the fourth line of Keeping Still turns Gen into Li while the other trigram, Gen, stays as it is, which yields Keeping Still's changing partner, The Wanderer (King Wen 56), the hexagram this line is recorded as transforming into.