The Zakat chapter of Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya's comparative fiqh reference, laying the Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali and Imami (Ja'fari) legal positions side by side on nisab, minerals, merchandise, livestock, jointly-owned wealth and the effect of debt on zakat liability.
Facts
Assessment
Reliability Tier1
Tier 1: a recognised, widely used comparative fiqh reference (al-Fiqh 'ala al-Madhahib al-Khamsa, "Jurisprudence According to the Five Schools"), by the 20th-century Lebanese Shia jurist Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya, hosted in full English translation on al-islam.org (curl with a standard browser user agent, HTTP 200; al-islam.org 403s a plain automated request but serves the full page to a browser-identified one). The author's own foreword states his method: laying the five schools' rulings side by side for every question, partly drawing on the 1922 Al-Azhar comparative committee's own "al-Fiqh 'ala al-madhahib al-'arba'ah" for the four Sunni schools and adding the Imami position throughout. The Zakat chapter states directly, quoted verbatim: "the Imamis consider it wajib to pay one-fifth (khums) from the profits of trade, while the four schools prescribe one-fortieth (2 1/2%) on merchandise. The same applies to minerals, from which the Hanafis, Imamis and Hanbalis prescribe payment of khums while the remaining two schools that of 2 1/2%"; that Malikis alone "levy zakat on both grazing and non-grazing livestock" and on "both working as well as other animals without any difference"; that the Shafi'is and Hanbalis alone hold jointly-owned wealth zakat-liable once the JOINT total reaches nisab, against the Imamis, Hanafis and Malikis who require each individual share to reach it; that Hanbalis alone hold debt as fully preventing zakat liability, while Imamis and Shafi'is alone hold debt as no bar to it at all; and that Hanafis alone levy zakat on agricultural produce "irrespective of the quantity," where the other four schools require a nisab of roughly 910 kg. Every quotation used in these facts is drawn directly from this reading, not paraphrased from a secondary summary. Citation
AuthorMuhammad Jawad Mughniyya
PublisherAl-Islam.org, hosting Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya's own comparative fiqh work
URLhttps://al-islam.org/five-schools-islamic-law-muhammad-jawad-mughniyya/zakat
Source TypeBook (primary)
Claims Backed By This Source (30 claims)
This source backs 30 claims across the atlas. As facts: 24 well-attested. Plus 6 entities citing it as a general reference with no single fact or relationship attached.
Disposition By Topic
- Schools of Religious Law, 20 claims: 15 well-attested, 5 general references.
- Sources, 6 claims: 6 well-attested.
- Denominations, 4 claims: 3 well-attested, 1 general references.
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