The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy's entry on Confucius, consulted 2026-08-13.
Facts
Assessment
Reliability Tier1
A peer-reviewed academic philosophy encyclopedia with named specialist authors and an editorial board, this atlas's top tier for independent scholarly reference, on the same standing as the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. NotesThe Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy's entry on Confucius, consulted 2026-08-13. Useful here for its translation of Analects 4.15 as other-regard (zhong) and self-reflection (shu), its account of shu as the negative Golden Rule at 15.24, and its argument that Confucius widened zhong's conventional political meaning, loyalty to a ruler, into a duty owed in every relationship.
Citation
AuthorNo individual author name accompanies this entry as consulted; the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy names a contributing author and an editorial board on its own entry page
PublisherInternet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Publication Year2026
URLhttps://iep.utm.edu/confuciu/
Source Typeacademic reference
Cross-Tradition Connections
Associated With
This source names Confucius directly: "Encyclopedia of Philosophy's entry on Confucius, consulted 2026-08-13."
Source Confucius (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)No individual author name accompanies this entry as consulted; the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy names a contributing author and an editorial board on its own entry page Claims Backed By This Source (13 claims)
This source backs 13 claims across the atlas. As facts: 10 well-attested. As cited relationships: 1 holds. Plus 2 entities citing it as a general reference with no single fact or relationship attached.
Disposition By Topic
- Sources, 9 claims: 8 well-attested, 1 holds.
- Doctrines, 4 claims: 2 well-attested, 2 general references.
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