Radio Maria did not begin as a network. In 1983 it was a single parish radio station in Erba, a small town in the Diocese of Milan, meant to keep local parishioners informed and to carry the daily Mass and the Rosary to those who could not attend in person. It stayed a local project for four years. On January 12, 1987, lay people and priests formally organized the Radio Maria Association under its first president, Emanuele Ferrario, freeing the station from parish administration and setting it up to grow well beyond Erba. Father Livio Fanzaga, a Piarist priest, took over its programming direction in 1988 and shaped the station's identity: explicitly Catholic broadcasting, without advertising, built around the Rosary, the Mass, catechesis and Marian devotion rather than the mixed programming most religious stations carried.
The growth that followed was substantial. The World Family of Radio Maria formed in 1998, inspired by Pope John Paul II's call the previous decade for a new evangelization, and gained recognition as an NGO with headquarters in Rome. The network reached the Americas in 1992, Africa in 1993, Asia in 2002 and Oceania in 2007, and today operates roughly 1,500 transmitters across 86 countries. In Italy, where it started as one parish's project, Radio Maria has become the country's most widely listened to Catholic media outlet, reaching something like one in every ten Italians, run still without a single paid advertisement.