Divinity Atlas

Sacred Correspondences
Face Regions

Middle Court

Court

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Origin 1465 to 1620

The Middle Court, or zhong ting, is the second of the three courts, running from the eyebrows down to the base of the nose, and takes in the eyes, the cheekbones and the whole central block of the face. Mian xiang reads it as the record of a person's own effort in adulthood, roughly the years from thirty to fifty, covering career, self reliance and personal drive rather than what was inherited or what remains to come. A nose read as strong and well proportioned within this court is taken as a sign of sustained personal achievement through the middle of life. As with the rest of mian xiang, this is a traditional interpretive practice within a living tradition, not a finding of medical science.

Facts
Origins
Origin Period
1465 to 1620 1
Origin Period
Examined by Xing Wang as part of the general apparatus of Chinese physiognomy, xiangshu, in Ming dynasty (1368 to 1644) China, an apparatus she traces to a tradition credited to the tenth century Taoist Chen Tuan. 2
Attributed Author / Compiler
The division of the face into three courts belongs to the general apparatus of Chinese physiognomy, xiangshu, examined in Xing Wang's history of body divination in Ming China. That apparatus descends from a tradition credited to the tenth century Taoist Chen Tuan, traditionally said to carry forward the teaching of the legendary Hemp Robed Master whose name is also given to an older manual, the Ma Yi Shen Xiang, and it survives in its fullest compiled form as the Shenxiang quanbian, dated to the Ming dynasty. 2
Origin of the Name
Ting, court, is the term shared by all three areas in this scheme, san ting, three courts, casting the face's vertical bands as the halls of an imperial court read in sequence for a life's early, middle and later years. 2
Status
Standing as a Comparative Category
Largely abandoned as a comparative category 2
Learn More
Where Every Reading of Adulthood Converges on the Nose

The Middle Court runs from the eyebrows to the base of the nose and claims the busiest stretch of real estate in the whole mian xiang system for a single court. The nose itself, read as both the Wealth Palace at its tip and wings and the Examiner Officer across its whole length, sits entirely inside the Middle Court's boundaries, as does the Health Palace at the bridge and the eyes themselves, read as the Supervisor Officer. No other court concentrates so many of the system's separate named readings into one span of face, a density that follows from what the Middle Court is held to describe, the years of adulthood roughly from thirty to fifty, when a reader would expect career, health, judgment and accumulated wealth to all be actively in play at once rather than settled by inheritance or deferred to old age.

The convergence is not treated in the tradition as redundant. A strong nose within a weak Middle Court, or a well formed Wealth Palace beside a poorly read Health Palace immediately next to it, gives a practitioner a finer grained reading than any single feature could on its own, since the courts, palaces and officers are read together as one layered system rather than as three separate face reading methods that happen to share a canvas.

Cross-Tradition Connections

Belongs to Tradition

One of the Three Courts (santing), the horizontal division of the face read for early, middle and late life fortune in Chinese physiognomy.

Sources
1. A Textbook of Physiognomy: The Tradition of the Shenxiang quanbian
Livia Kohn, Asian Folklore Studies, 1986the Ming dynasty dating of the Shenxiang quanbian, 1465 to 1620
2. Physiognomy in Ming China: Fortune and the Body
Xing Wang, Brill, 2020the general history of Chinese physiognomy this apparatus belongs to
Targeting the Readership for a Ming Publication: Comprehensiveness in the Compendium for the Expert Physiognomist
Mei Chun, Asia Major, 2016the compendium's construction and its attribution to Chen Tuan and the Hemp Robed MasterView the Source
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