Divinity Atlas

Sacred Correspondences
Spread Map

Islam Spread Map

Where and when Islam spread, arrived, was established, declined or was revived, in the places and years the historical record gives.

Map

Islam Spread Map Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia Eswatini Ethiopia Federated States of Micronesia Fiji Finland France French Polynesia Gabon Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Guam Guatemala Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Ivory Coast Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kuwait Laos Latvia Lebanon Libya Lithuania Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Mali Malta Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nigeria North Macedonia Norway Oman Pakistan Palestine Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa South Korea South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tanzania Thailand Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Vatican City Venezuela Vietnam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Islam Arises in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, 610 to 622, ArrivedIslam Is Established at Medina, Saudi Arabia, 622, EstablishedIslam Reaches Persia, Iran, 633 to 651, EstablishedIslam Reaches Syria, Syria, 634 to 636, EstablishedIslam Reaches Egypt, Egypt, 639 to 642, EstablishedIslam Reaches China Under the Tang Dynasty, China, 651, ArrivedIslam Reaches Iberia, Spain, 711 to 718, ArrivedIslam Is Established on the Swahili Coast, Tanzania, 780 to 1300, EstablishedIslam Is Established Among the Turkic Peoples of Central Asia, Central Asia, 892 to 1005, EstablishedIslam Is Established in the Mali Empire, Mali, 1050 to 1337, EstablishedThe Reconquista Suppresses Islam in Spain, Spain, 1085 to 1492, SuppressedIslam Is Extinguished in Sicily After the Norman and Hohenstaufen Conquest, Italy, 1189 to 1246, ExtinctIslam Spreads in South Asia Through the Chishti Order, India, 1192 to 1236, EstablishedIslam Becomes the State Religion of the Golden Horde, Central Asian Steppe, 1252 to 1321, EstablishedThe Mongol Sack of Baghdad Ends the Abbasid Caliphate, Iraq, 1258, SuppressedIslam Reaches the Indonesian Archipelago, Indonesia, 1267 to 1500, ArrivedIslam Reaches the Philippines via the Sulu Sultanate, Philippines, 1380 to 1390, ArrivedThe Ottoman Empire Establishes Islam as Dominant in Bulgaria, Bulgaria, 1396 to 1580, DominantIslam Is Established in Bosnia Under Ottoman Rule, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1463 to 1600, EstablishedThe Moriscos Are Expelled From Spain, Spain, 1492 to 1614, ExtinctThe Mughal Empire Establishes Islam as Dominant in North India, India, 1526 to 1600, DominantSheikh Yusuf's Exile Establishes Islam at the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, 1694, ArrivedAyuba Suleiman Diallo's Enslavement Documents Islam in Colonial Maryland, United States, 1731, ArrivedThe Sokoto Caliphate Spreads Islam Across West Africa, Nigeria, 1804 to 1808, DominantIslam Reaches the Americas, Americas, 1900, ArrivedSoviet Rule Suppresses Islam in Central Asia, Central Asia, 1917 to 1985, SuppressedIslam Reaches Western Europe Through Postwar Labor Migration, Western Europe, 1945 to 1980, ArrivedIslam Is Revived in Central Asia After Soviet Rule, Central Asia, 1991, RevivedChina Launches Mass Internment of Uyghur Muslims in Xinjiang, China, 2017, Suppressed

Point at, tap, or move keyboard focus to a marker for its event, place, year and status.

Marker size and shape show how established the tradition was there: a small filled dot for an arrival, a larger one for an established or dominant presence, and a hollow, distinct marker where it was suppressed or nearly disappeared, never simply absent.

Spoken Chronology

Islam Arises in Mecca. Saudi Arabia, 610 to 622, Arrived. Source, Ibn Ishaq (recension of Ibn Hisham), Sirat Rasul Allah, translated by A. Guillaume as The Life of Muhammad.

Islam Is Established at Medina. Saudi Arabia, 622, Established. Source, Muhammad at Medina.

Islam Reaches Persia. Iran, 633 to 651, Established. Source, The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the Sixth to the Eleventh Century.

Islam Reaches Syria. Syria, 634 to 636, Established. Source, The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the Sixth to the Eleventh Century.

Islam Reaches Egypt. Egypt, 639 to 642, Established. Source, The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the Sixth to the Eleventh Century.

Islam Reaches China Under the Tang Dynasty. China, 651, Arrived. Source, Islam in China (Wikipedia).

Islam Reaches Iberia. Spain, 711 to 718, Arrived. Source, The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the World We Live In.

Islam Is Established on the Swahili Coast. Tanzania, 780 to 1300, Established. Source, The Indian Ocean.

Islam Is Established Among the Turkic Peoples of Central Asia. Central Asia, 892 to 1005, Established. Source, An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples.

Islam Is Established in the Mali Empire. Mali, 1050 to 1337, Established. Source, Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History.

The Reconquista Suppresses Islam in Spain. Spain, 1085 to 1492, Suppressed. Source, Blood and Faith: The Purging of Muslim Spain, 1492-1614.

Islam Is Extinguished in Sicily After the Norman and Hohenstaufen Conquest. Italy, 1189 to 1246, Extinct. Source, Emirate of Sicily (Wikipedia).

Islam Spreads in South Asia Through the Chishti Order. India, 1192 to 1236, Established. Source, Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and Beyond.

Islam Becomes the State Religion of the Golden Horde. Central Asian Steppe, 1252 to 1321, Established. Source, Islamization and Native Religion in the Golden Horde: Baba Tukles and Conversion to Islam in Historical and Epic Tradition.

The Mongol Sack of Baghdad Ends the Abbasid Caliphate. Iraq, 1258, Suppressed. Source, Siege of Baghdad (1258) (Wikipedia).

Islam Reaches the Indonesian Archipelago. Indonesia, 1267 to 1500, Arrived. Source, Sufism: A Global History.

Islam Reaches the Philippines via the Sulu Sultanate. Philippines, 1380 to 1390, Arrived. Source, Islam in the Philippines (Wikipedia).

The Ottoman Empire Establishes Islam as Dominant in Bulgaria. Bulgaria, 1396 to 1580, Dominant. Source, Islam in Bulgaria (Wikipedia).

Islam Is Established in Bosnia Under Ottoman Rule. Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1463 to 1600, Established. Source, Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire 1300-1923.

The Moriscos Are Expelled From Spain. Spain, 1492 to 1614, Extinct. Source, Blood and Faith: The Purging of Muslim Spain, 1492-1614.

This spoken summary covers the first 20 of 29 recorded events, in date order. The remaining 9 events and full source detail for every event are in the Full Chronology list below.

Full Chronology

Every recorded spread event for this tradition, in date order, complete: 29 events.

  1. Islam Arises in MeccaSaudi Arabia, 610 to 622, Arrived
  2. Islam Is Established at MedinaSaudi Arabia, 622, Established
    Source Muhammad at MedinaW. Montgomery Watt
  3. Islam Reaches PersiaIran, 633 to 651, Established
  4. Islam Reaches SyriaSyria, 634 to 636, Established
  5. Islam Reaches EgyptEgypt, 639 to 642, Established
  6. Islam Reaches China Under the Tang DynastyChina, 651, Arrived
    Source Islam in China (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors
  7. Islam Reaches IberiaSpain, 711 to 718, Arrived
  8. Islam Is Established on the Swahili CoastTanzania, 780 to 1300, Established
    Source The Indian OceanMichael Pearson
  9. Islam Is Established Among the Turkic Peoples of Central AsiaCentral Asia, 892 to 1005, Established
  10. Islam Is Established in the Mali EmpireMali, 1050 to 1337, Established
    Source Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African HistoryNehemia Levtzion and J. F. P. Hopkins (eds.)
  11. The Reconquista Suppresses Islam in SpainSpain, 1085 to 1492, Suppressed
  12. Islam Is Extinguished in Sicily After the Norman and Hohenstaufen ConquestItaly, 1189 to 1246, Extinct
    Source Emirate of Sicily (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors
  13. Islam Spreads in South Asia Through the Chishti OrderIndia, 1192 to 1236, Established
    Source Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and BeyondCarl W. Ernst and Bruce B. Lawrence
  14. Islam Becomes the State Religion of the Golden HordeCentral Asian Steppe, 1252 to 1321, Established
  15. The Mongol Sack of Baghdad Ends the Abbasid CaliphateIraq, 1258, Suppressed
    Source Siege of Baghdad (1258) (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors
  16. Islam Reaches the Indonesian ArchipelagoIndonesia, 1267 to 1500, Arrived
    Source Sufism: A Global HistoryNile Green
  17. Islam Reaches the Philippines via the Sulu SultanatePhilippines, 1380 to 1390, Arrived
    Source Islam in the Philippines (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors
  18. The Ottoman Empire Establishes Islam as Dominant in BulgariaBulgaria, 1396 to 1580, Dominant
    Source Islam in Bulgaria (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors
  19. Islam Is Established in Bosnia Under Ottoman RuleBosnia and Herzegovina, 1463 to 1600, Established
  20. The Moriscos Are Expelled From SpainSpain, 1492 to 1614, Extinct
  21. The Mughal Empire Establishes Islam as Dominant in North IndiaIndia, 1526 to 1600, Dominant
    Source Islam in India (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors
  22. Sheikh Yusuf's Exile Establishes Islam at the Cape of Good HopeSouth Africa, 1694, Arrived
  23. Ayuba Suleiman Diallo's Enslavement Documents Islam in Colonial MarylandUnited States, 1731, Arrived
  24. The Sokoto Caliphate Spreads Islam Across West AfricaNigeria, 1804 to 1808, Dominant
    Source Sokoto Caliphate (Wikipedia)Wikipedia contributors
  25. Islam Reaches the AmericasAmericas, 1900, Arrived
  26. Soviet Rule Suppresses Islam in Central AsiaCentral Asia, 1917 to 1985, Suppressed
  27. Islam Reaches Western Europe Through Postwar Labor MigrationWestern Europe, 1945 to 1980, Arrived
  28. Islam Is Revived in Central Asia After Soviet RuleCentral Asia, 1991, Revived
  29. China Launches Mass Internment of Uyghur Muslims in XinjiangChina, 2017, Suppressed
    Source OHCHR Assessment of Human Rights Concerns in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, ChinaUnited Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)